Difference between an I-864 Joint Sponsor and and I-864A Household Member

The Terms "Joint Sponsor" and Household Member" might feel interchangeable for purposes of I-864 processing and USCIS, some people even add other terms:
- petitioning spouse
- lawfully employed immigrant
- co-sponsor
However, there is an important difference. This article will dive a little deeper.
Can a Joint Sponsor also be a Household Member?
Generally, NO, even if you think that it should be.
A Joint Sponsor is someone who can, separate and apart from the Petitioner's Household, sponsor an immigrant without the involvement of the petitioner. A Household Member is a part of the sponsor. This might be clearer:
- Joint Sponsor = I-864
- Household Member = I-864A
Similarly, a family member that does NOT live under the same roof, at the same address, and on the same tax return is unable to be a "Household" member.
Do Spouses need to do an I-864A when the other Spouse is Sponsoring?
Depends! It might be highly recommended, lightly recommended, or waived depending on the circumstances.
The I-864A is waived when the Spouse IS the Green Card Applicant because the income, if any legal US-Based Income is being earned by the Applicant, that income would need to be presented in the I-864 filing anyway. A separate form would merely be redundant.
It is highly recommended if the sponsor's household would not qualify to overcome the I-864 by the Sponsor's income alone. Some immigration officers request the I-864 or I-864A, others do not if the information would be redundant or the household income in total would not be affected by the addition of a Household Member.
It is lightly recommended when an immigration officer is using the I-864A to either (1) verify income level or (2) confirm the full household is in agreement of the sponsorship.
A more thorough discussion of one common scenario can be found here: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/immigration/i-864-do-spouses-need-to-do-an-i-864a-when-the-other-spouse-is-sponsoring
What kind of relationship must you have with a Joint Sponsor?
Ideally, you would not have a stranger in your home for household member discussions. But, for a Joint Sponsor, any relationship can be used, except the ones that qualify for a household member relationship. So, neighbors, close friends, parents, and adult children are ideal joint sponsors.
Is there a generic guide for Joint Sponsors?
Our office has the following guide for Joint Sponsors: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/immigration/i-864-affidavit-of-support-joint-sponsor-guidance
It is also a common follow up topic on whether Joint Sponsors are able to Withdraw their sponsorship: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/can-an-i-864-co-sponsor-withdraw-their-sponsorship
Can the Sponsor/Household member use Assets to increase the Financial Stability in the I-864?
Yes, here are some guidances our office created for common asset classes:
- Real Estate: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/immigration/i-864-using-real-estate-as-an-asset
- Stocks/Dividends: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/immigration/i-864-using-dividends-and-stock-portfolio-as-an-asset
- Self-employment: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/immigration/i-864-self-employment-and-business-ownership
- Social Security: https://www.fickeymartinezlaw.com/immigration/i-864-sponsorship-how-is-ssi-and-ssdi-assessed
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